Mastering The Head-To-Toe Assessment

You probably practiced your head-to-toe assessment a bunch in your EMT class. Maybe more than any other skill in the EMT curriculum. If your class was or is anything like mine (as a student or a teacher) you performed the head-to-toe assessment again and again.

As much as we practice this skill in EMT class, I often wonder why so many EMT’s have such bad head-to-toe skills out on the street. It seems that, once we get out on the street, the systematic, thorough head-to-toe assessment falls out of favor and quickly gets replaced with the faster, more direct focused assessment.

That works just fine most of the time. If it didn’t, I figure it probably wouldn’t be such a universal phenomenon. (For the record, have you ever worked somewhere where this wasn’t the case? Neither have I.) The downside is that when the patient arrives who really needs a, honest-to-goodness, rapid, complete head-to-toe, we’re not up to the task.

I happen to believe that patient assessment skills are one of the defining qualities of a talented EMT. Here are seven tips to keep your head-to-toe in top form.

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How To Make Sure Your Hand-off Reoprt Gets Heard

“But … It Was In My Hand-off Report“

Every EMS responder who delivers patients to the emergency room has experienced the frustration of feeling like the ED staff didn’t really get the whole picture. You came in, you told the story and you said your goodbyes, but somewhere along the way it felt like there was a disconnect.

Now, some excellent research out of Harvard tells us exactly how much of the EMS hand-off report is really making it into the patients chart and being used in the clinical decision making and care of the patient. I’m sure the study findings are going to have a bit of a “duh” effect on responders who give routine hand-off reports to ER staff, but it is nice to feel that your impressions have been validated by some objective measure.

Researchers decided on 16 prehospital data points that were considered to be significant in effecting patient outcomes in level one trauma activations. Then they had a panel of trauma physicians watch videos of the EMT-to-trauma-team hand-off reports and checked off when the data points were actually communicated in the verbal hand-off report. Next they checked the patients medical record to see how many of these data points had been recorded in the patients chart.

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5 Big Trauma Scene Mistakes You Can Avoid

We all have our good calls and our bad calls. Don’t we? Sometimes things just flow. Sometimes the patient, the bystanders, the crew members, everyone just clicks. And it’s beautiful. It’s like that perfect drive off the tee box that keeps you coming back for another round. The three point jumper that makes you wonder if you should have tried to play college ball.

Unfortunately (perhaps) it is the rare scene that runs flawlessly. More often than not we look back on our calls and think about the things we could have, and should have done better. Of course, that’s how it should be. Without those moments we don’t grow or become better. Some EMT’s carry the philosophy that we should emerge from our field instruction with flawless medicine. Nothing could be further from the truth.

Here is my list of six common trauma scene mistakes I have encountered frequently in my career. I am guilty of doing all of these, some with painful frequency. In those moments of personal scene review, I rank these as my top six, “I wish we had done that differently.” items.

#1 Failing to manage the scene.

We learn a lot about patient care in school. Unfortunately our education regarding management of the scene may be limited to being taught to blindly recite the words, “Scene safe, BSI” as we enter our skills stations. Scene management can be hard. Especially management of big scenes with multiple priorities like calling for more resources, assessing hazards, protecting bystanders, interacting with family and friends of the injured and triaging multiple patients.

On these scenes, patient care suddenly becomes a warm comforting blanket. Caring for one patient seems so much more manageable. Patient care priorities like holding c-spine and doing an assessment call to us like a sirens song. Don’t do it! It seems obvious but, when it’s your job to manage the scene, manage the scene.

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